A galvo scanner is a device used to rapidly and precisely move a mirror or other optical elements to control the direction and position of a laser beam. It consists of two small mirrors, often called galvanometer mirrors, which are mounted on torsion hinges. By applying small electrical currents to the galvanometer mirrors, they can be tilted along one or both axes, deflecting the laser beam in different directions.

The galvo scanner works in conjunction with other optical components, such as lenses, to steer the laser beam over a desired area or path. It is commonly used in various applications, including laser marking, laser engraving, laser welding, laser cutting, laser scanning microscopy, and laser light shows.

The speed and accuracy of a galvo scanner make it a crucial component in laser-based systems that require precise control and fast scanning capabilities. Quickly redirecting the laser beam allows for the creation of intricate patterns, high-speed marking, and detailed image acquisition. This technology is widely used in industries such as manufacturing, biomedical research, entertainment, and more.